Top questions with answers asked in MNC on Django

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Django interview questions along with their answers:
  1. What is Django, and what are its main components?
    • Answer: Django is a high-level web framework written in Python that facilitates rapid development of web applications by providing a clean and pragmatic design. Its main components include:
      • Model: Represents the data structure of the application and interacts with the database.
      • View: Handles user interface logic and renders templates to generate HTML responses.
      • Template: Contains the presentation layer of the application and defines the structure of the user interface.
      • Controller (in Django, it’s part of the framework): Routes incoming requests to the appropriate view based on URL patterns defined in the URLconf.
      • ORM (Object-Relational Mapping): Allows developers to work with databases using Python objects and methods, abstracting away the underlying SQL queries.
  2. What is the Django ORM, and how does it work?
    • Answer: The Django ORM (Object-Relational Mapping) is a powerful feature that enables developers to interact with databases using Python objects instead of writing SQL queries directly. It works by mapping database tables to Python classes (models) and their attributes to table columns. Developers can perform database operations like querying, inserting, updating, and deleting records using Python methods and attributes, which are translated into SQL queries by the ORM.
  3. Explain Django’s MVT (Model-View-Template) architecture.
    • Answer: Django follows the MVT (Model-View-Template) architecture pattern, which is similar to the MVC (Model-View-Controller) pattern but with some differences:
      • Model: Represents the data structure of the application and interacts with the database. It handles data retrieval, storage, and manipulation.
      • View: Handles user interface logic and processes incoming requests from the client. It interacts with models to fetch data and renders templates to generate HTML responses.
      • Template: Contains the presentation layer of the application and defines the structure of the user interface. It includes HTML markup with template tags and filters to dynamically render data from views.
  4. What are Django’s built-in authentication and authorization mechanisms?
    • Answer: Django provides built-in authentication and authorization mechanisms to handle user authentication, permissions, and access control:
      • Authentication: Django’s django.contrib.auth module provides user authentication features like user registration, login, logout, password management, and session management.
      • Authorization: Django’s built-in permissions system allows developers to define access control rules and restrict user access to certain views or functionalities based on user roles and permissions.
  5. How do you handle forms in Django?
    • Answer: In Django, forms are represented as Python classes that inherit from django.forms.Form or django.forms.ModelForm class. Developers define form fields and validation rules in these classes. To handle forms in Django, follow these steps:
      • Define a form class by specifying form fields and validation rules.
      • Render the form in a template using Django’s template language or form rendering helpers.
      • Process form submissions in a view by validating the submitted data, performing additional processing if necessary, and saving data to the database.
      • Display validation errors or success messages in the template based on the form processing result.